
To get you started, I did Biblical characters. And included the NT cos I couldn't really not have Jesus in there.
Frodo: Jael (physically unprepossessing but brave, dedicated and opportunist)
Sam: Eliezer (loyal manservant able to take initiative when the situation demands)
Pippin: David (impulsive, lovable, imprudent and courageous by turns)
Merry: Jonathan (Close companion to David / Pippin, but usually the reasonable one of the partnership)
Gandalf: Jesus (Sorry, but this one's just too obvious. Unreasonably powerful but pretending to be much less so for obscure theological reasons. Benevolent, and with appropriate tendency to sacrifice himself for the fellowship and then return from the dead)
Boromir: Saul (royal, excellent warrior, but hotheaded and often misguided)
Legolas: Amos (simple nature-lover thrust into prominence by circumstances, good with words)
Gimli: Samson (strong, susceptible to beautiful women, admits mistakes)
Aragorn: John the Divine (fond of bizarre symbols and obscure prophecies, big on teleology)
Not sure about the last but I think the others would make a good fellowship if they had common cause. And Saul would be no worse than Boromir. There's at least a good mix of brains and brawn here.
Any takers?